In the 20th century, industrial robotics was defined by fixed automation. These machines operated within safety cages, designed for high-volume, repetitive tasks that prioritized speed and strength over flexibility. Industry 4.0 transformed these isolated machines into intelligent, networked systems.

With AI and IoT integration, robots became data-driven, supporting mass customization and real-time adaptability in smart factories.

Today, the focus has shifted toward Cobots (Collaborative Robots). Unlike traditional robots, Cobots utilize advanced sensors to work safely alongside humans without physical barriers.