Coal gasification is a thermal process that converts solid coal into Synthesis Gas (Syngas)—a mixture primarily of hydrogen and carbon monoxide—by reacting it with controlled amounts of oxygen and steam at high temperatures.

This process is vital because it enables Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation, which significantly increases efficiency and facilitates Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), offering a pathway for the continued, cleaner use of coal globally. Furthermore, the Syngas produced is a crucial feedstock for manufacturing chemicals and low-carbon fuels.